Results of surgical treatment for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis at the National Lung Hospital 2023-2024

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis (CPA) is a condition where Aspergillus infection invades and develops chronically, gradually destroying lung structures. Surgical intervention is indicated for most patients with localized fungal lesions and severe, persistent, life-threatening hemoptysis. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of surgical treatment for chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis at the National Lung Hospital from 2023 to 2024. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study. It included 124 patients diagnosed with chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis who underwent surgical treatment at the National Lung Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024. Data were analyzed using Stata software. Results: Among 124 patients with chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis, 115 cases received conventional surgery and 9 underwent emergency surgery. There were 72 male patients (58.1%) and 52 female patients (41.9%). The average age was 53±14 years. The primary clinical symptom was hemoptysis (75.8%). The most common co-morbid lung disease was pulmonary tuberculosis, affecting 59 patients (47.6%). Lobectomy was the most frequent indication for moderate to severe hemoptysis, accounting for 85.7% of cases. The median duration of drainage was 5-6 days, and the median hospital stay was 8-12 days. The complication rate was under 10%, and the success rate was 98.28%. Four severe cases requested discharge. Conclusion: Surgical treatment for chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis is considered to have acceptable complication rates and should be performed in in specialised centres with experienced surgeons to manage and treat chronic pulmonary Aspergillosis, helping patients achieve complete recovery and improved quality of life without symptoms.