Factors Associated with the Knowledge and Preventive Practices of Hypoglycaemia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Hanoi Heart Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: To identify factors associated with knowledge and preventive practices regarding hypoglycaemia among outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Hanoi Heart Hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Hanoi Heart Hospital from June 2024 to January 2025. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire developed based on national and international studies. The questionnaire assessed knowledge of hypoglycaemic symptom recognition, risk factors, initial management, and preventive practices. Factors associated with knowledge and preventive practices were analysed using univariate logistic regression.
Results: The mean age of participants was 65.3 ± 8.6 years, with males accounting for 54%. The mean duration of diabetes was 6.8 ± 5.3 years. Most patients had concomitant cardiovascular diseases (95%); 36% reported a family history of diabetes, and 38% had a history of hypoglycaemia. Knowledge of hypoglycaemic symptom recognition was not significantly associated with patients’ characteristics. Monthly income, place of residence, and history of hypoglycaemia were significantly associated with knowledge and preventive practices, including initial home management of hypoglycaemia (p < 0.05). Patients with a history of hypoglycaemia were 3.1 times more likely to achieve adequate knowledge and correct initial management practices compared with those without such history (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7–5.8; p < 0.001). Living in urban areas (OR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.5–5.2; p < 0.001) and having a monthly income greater than 5 million VND (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.4–5.2; p = 0.002) were also associated with higher levels of adequate knowledge and practices.
Conclusion: Knowledge and practices regarding hypoglycemia prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with socioeconomic status, residential area, and a history of hypoglycemia. These findings suggest the need for targeted health education and strengthened chronic disease management to improve preventive practices.
Keywords
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycaemia, knowledge, preventive practices, associated factors
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References
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